Research content of automation
Release time:
2023-10-27
Source:
Automation is a comprehensive science and technology involving many disciplines and widely used. As a system engineering, it consists of 5 units:
① Program unit. Decide what to do and how to do it.
② Action unit. Apply energy and position.
③ Sensing unit. Check the performance and status of the process.
④ Formulate the unit. The information sent by the sensing unit is compared, and the instruction signal is formulated and issued.
⑤ Control unit. The mechanism that develops and adjusts the unit of action. The research content of automation mainly includes two aspects of automatic control and information processing, including theory, method, hardware and software, etc. From the application point of view, the research content includes process automation, mechanical manufacturing automation, management automation, laboratory automation and home automation.
Process Automation
Automation of chemical processing of fluids or powders in industries such as petroleum refining and chemicals. Generally, a process control system consisting of testing instruments, regulators and computers is used to optimally control the heating furnace, distillation tower and other equipment or the entire plant. The main control methods used are feedback control, feedforward control and optimal control.
mechanical automation
This is the result of the combination of mechanization, electrification and automatic control, and the object of processing is discrete workpieces. Early mechanical manufacturing automation is the use of mechanical or electrical components of stand-alone automation or simple automatic production line. After the 1960 s, due to the application of electronic computers, CNC machine tools, machining centers, robots, computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, automated warehouses, etc. A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) suitable for multi-species and small batch production is developed. The automated workshop based on flexible manufacturing system, coupled with information management, production management automation, the emergence of the use of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) factory automation.
After the 21st century, especially in recent years, mechanical automation testing, classification, production, packaging, printing, has been widely used in factories. Improving industrial efficiency and reducing costs have made great contributions to the development of modern industry in China.
Management Automation
The automation of human, financial, material, production, office and other business management in factories or institutions is a comprehensive technology with information processing as the core, involving electronic computers, communication systems and control and other disciplines. A local network consisting of a plurality of computers and various terminals capable of processing a large amount of information at high speed is generally used. Modern decision support system (DSS) has been developed on the basis of management information system to provide alternative solutions for senior management decision-making. Automation is an important aspect of the new technological revolution. The research, application and promotion of automation technology will have a profound impact on human production and life. Production process automation and office automation can greatly improve social productivity and work efficiency, save energy and raw material consumption, ensure product quality, improve working conditions, improve production technology and management system, accelerate the change of social industrial structure and the process of social information.
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